Britain started the New Orleans campaign on December 14, , at the Battle of Lake Borgne and numerous skirmishes and artillery duels happened in the weeks leading up to the final battle. The battle took place 15 days after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent , which formally ended the War of , on December 24, , though it would not be ratified by the United States and therefore did not take effect until February 16, , as news of the agreement had not yet reached the United States from Europe.
The Americans suffered 71 casualties, while the British suffered over 2,, including the deaths of Pakenham and his second-in-command , Major General Samuel Gibbs. Bathurst expressed concern that the United States might not ratify a treaty and did not want Pakenham either to endanger his forces or miss an opportunity for victory. There was a major concern that the British and their Spanish allies wanted to reclaim the territories of the Louisiana Purchase because they did not recognize any land deals made by Napoleon starting with the Spanish cession of Louisiana to France , followed by the French sale of Louisiana to the United States.
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It has been theorized that if the British had won the Battle of New Orleans, they would have likely interpreted that all territories gained from the Louisiana Purchase would be void and not part of U. This is contradicted by the content of Bathurst's correspondence, [ 11 ] [ 15 ] and disputed by Latimer, [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] with specific reference to correspondence from the Prime Minister to the Foreign Secretary dated December 23, Lockyer's men sailed in 42 rowboats, almost all armed with a small carronade.
Lockyer captured Jones's vessels in a brief engagement. Casualties included 17 British sailors killed and 77 wounded, while 6 Americans were killed, 35 wounded, and the remaining crews captured. One unintended consequence is that it is believed the gunboat crews in captivity were able to mislead the British as to Jackson's strength in numbers, when they were questioned.
They were placed in a cabin where their conversation could be heard. Shields, having hearing difficulties, talked loudly and mentioned that 20, troops were under Jackson's command. There was nothing in the actions of the British commanders to indicate they believed they were faced with superior numbers.
