Its population increased from , in to 1,, in , as the city grew to the north and west, while the poorest neighborhoods in the center became even more crowded. A cholera outbreak in killed 20, people.
Claude-Philibert de Rambuteau , prefect of the Seine for fifteen years under Louis-Philippe, made tentative efforts to improve the center of the city: he paved the quays of the Seine with stone paths and planted trees along the river. He built a new street now the Rue Rambuteau to connect the Marais district with the markets and began construction of Les Halles , the famous central food market of Paris, finished by Napoleon III.
Louis-Philippe lived in his old family residence, the Palais-Royal , until , before moving to the Tuileries Palace. His chief contribution to the monuments of Paris was the completion in of the Place de la Concorde , which was further embellished on 25 October by the placement of the Luxor Obelisk.
The ashes of Napoleon were returned to Paris from Saint Helena in a solemn ceremony on 15 December , and Louis-Philippe built an impressive tomb for them at the Invalides. In , he completed a column in the Place de la Bastille dedicated to the July revolution which had brought him to power. Each belonged to a different company, and they were not connected to each other; all were located outside the city center.
As the population of Paris grew, so did discontent in the working-class neighborhoods. There were riots in , , , , , and The growing unrest finally exploded on 23 February , when a large demonstration was broken up by the army.
